Multicomponent Reactions in the Synthesis of Antiviral Compounds.

BACKGROUND: Multicomponent reactions are one-pot processes for the synthesis of highly functionalized hetero-cyclic and hetero-acyclic compounds, often endowed with biological activity. OBJECTIVE: Multicomponent reactions are considered green processes with a high atom economy. In addition, they present advantages compared to the classic synthetic methods, such as high efficiency and low waste production. METHODS: In these reactions, two or more reagents are combined together in the same flask to yield a product containing almost all the atoms of the starting materials. RESULTS: The scope of this review is to present an overview of the application of multicomponent reactions in the synthesis of compounds endowed with antiviral activity. The syntheses are classified depending on the viral target. CONCLUSION: Multicomponent reactions can be applied to all the stages of the drug discovery and development process, making them very useful in the search for new agents active against emerging (viral) pathogens.

Synthesis and Characterization of Dihydrouracil Analogs Utilizing Biginelli Hybrids

Dihydrouracil presents a crucial intermediate in the catabolism of uracil. The vital importance of uracil and its nucleoside, uridine, encourages scientists to synthesize novel dihydrouracils. In this paper, we present an innovative, fast, and effective method for the synthesis of dihydrouracils. Hence, under mild conditions, 3-chloroperbenzoic acid was used to cleave the carbon–sulfur bond of the Biginelli hybrids 5,6-dihydropyrimidin-4(3H)-ones. This approach led to thirteen novel dihydrouracils synthesized in moderate-to-high yields (32–99%).

Biginelli Reaction Mediated Synthesis of Antimicrobial Pyrimidine Derivatives and Their Therapeutic Properties.

Antimicrobial resistance was one of the top priorities for global public health before the start of the 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Moreover, in this changing medical landscape due to COVID-19, finding new organic structures with antimicrobial and antiviral properties is a priority in current research. The Biginelli synthesis that mediates the production of pyrimidine compounds has been intensively studied in recent decades, especially due to the therapeutic properties of the resulting compounds, such as calcium channel blockers, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory or antioxidant compounds. In this review we aim to review the Biginelli syntheses reported recently in the literature that mediates the synthesis of antimicrobial compounds, the spectrum of their medicinal properties, and the structure-activity relationship in the studied compounds.